What does the germination test assess in seed samples?

The germination test is a critical assessment used to determine the vitality of seed samples, specifically measuring the percentage of seeds that can effectively germinate under ideal conditions. This test is essential in seed law and inspection regulations because it provides vital information about seed quality and performance, which directly affects agricultural productivity and economic viability for farmers and producers. By ascertaining how many seeds from a given sample are capable of sprouting, stakeholders can make informed decisions regarding seed purchases and planting strategies.

The other options focus on different attributes that are not directly assessed by the germination test. For instance, the nutritional value of the seeds pertains to their chemical composition and is determined through different nutritional analysis techniques. Similarly, while the speed at which seeds sprout is related to germination, it is not the main focus of the germination test itself, which strictly assesses the viability percentage. Lastly, assessing the size of the seeds is more about physical characterization than germination potential; it doesn’t reflect the seed's ability to sprout and grow. Thus, the germination test serves a specific and crucial role in understanding seed viability and overall agricultural success.